论文部分内容阅读
摘要：阅读理解是英语教学的一大重点。在高考英语试卷中，阅读理解题所占的分值最多，是重头戏。因此，笔者依据2010年英语高考试题，来解析英语阅读理解题。
关键词：高考 英语 阅读理解 解析
阅读是英语教学的重要内容，也是各项英语测试的重要组成部分，主要是考查学生的词汇、句型、语法等语言知识的掌握情况，以及英语语言的综合运用能力。笔者以2010年各地高考英语阅读理解题为依据，来对英语阅读理解题类型进行粗浅探讨。
1.概括主旨或段意题
该类型题主要考查学生对文章大意进行概括的能力。有的是为全篇或某一个段落选择主旨，有的是为每段选择一个小标题。考查形式通常有以下几种：
The best title for the text would be ____.
What would be the best title for the text?
The text is mainly about ____.
What does this text mainly talk about？
What’s the main idea of the passage？
2.猜测词义题
该类型题主要考查根据上下文语境或构词法等知识推断、理解生词的含义。其设问主要有以下几种方式：
What does the underlined word…mean?
The underlined word…probably means（refers to） ____.
The underlined word…is closest in meaning to ____.
3.推理判断题
该类型题主要考查学生比较、概括、归纳和推理等综合能力。2010年高考英语推断题主要有以下三类：
（1）细节信息或段落隐含意义的推断
例：In her first few days at the author’s house, Goldie ____.
A. felt worried B. was angry
C. ate a little D. sat by the fire
（2）作者观点或意图的推断
例：The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to ____.
A. argue against free university education
B. call on them to finance students’ studies
C. encourage graduates to go into business
D. show their contribution to higher education
该题中作者的观点或意图并没有直接出现在原文中，但是我们通过对一些关键连词或句子结构的分析，可以捕捉到字面后隐藏的观点。
（3）对文体的推断
例：Where can we most probably read this text？ ____.
A． In a research
B. In a short story
C． In a travel magazine
D. In a student’s book
这样的题目不仅需要考生具备一些基本常识，如对各类文体知识的了解，而且能区分这些文体的不同特征。
4.逻辑结构题
逻辑结构题考查主要包括行文结构的逻辑判断能力和语义逻辑的理解能力两个方面。2010年高考英语试题中出现了阅读还原句子形式。就是要求考生在全面理解文章意思和结构的基础上，把摘出来的句子还原到文章中去。
例：Muzak…
If you listen to Muzak carefully， you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters do not want theiy songs to be used as Muzak， but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? __73__.
E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better
F． They get as much as ﹩4 million a year if their songs are used
G． Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world
5.预测信息题
该题型考查考生对文章段落发展的预测能力。这首先需要考生读懂文章，明确文章谈论了哪几方面的内容，然后结合文体知识去预测下文的发展。
例：The passage is probably followed a con-cluding paragraph about ____.
A. Zelda’s personal life
B. Zelda’s illness and treatment
C. Fitzgerald’s friendship with Graham
D...Fitzgerald’s contributions to the literary world
关键词：高考 英语 阅读理解 解析
阅读是英语教学的重要内容，也是各项英语测试的重要组成部分，主要是考查学生的词汇、句型、语法等语言知识的掌握情况，以及英语语言的综合运用能力。笔者以2010年各地高考英语阅读理解题为依据，来对英语阅读理解题类型进行粗浅探讨。
1.概括主旨或段意题
该类型题主要考查学生对文章大意进行概括的能力。有的是为全篇或某一个段落选择主旨，有的是为每段选择一个小标题。考查形式通常有以下几种：
The best title for the text would be ____.
What would be the best title for the text?
The text is mainly about ____.
What does this text mainly talk about？
What’s the main idea of the passage？
2.猜测词义题
该类型题主要考查根据上下文语境或构词法等知识推断、理解生词的含义。其设问主要有以下几种方式：
What does the underlined word…mean?
The underlined word…probably means（refers to） ____.
The underlined word…is closest in meaning to ____.
3.推理判断题
该类型题主要考查学生比较、概括、归纳和推理等综合能力。2010年高考英语推断题主要有以下三类：
（1）细节信息或段落隐含意义的推断
例：In her first few days at the author’s house, Goldie ____.
A. felt worried B. was angry
C. ate a little D. sat by the fire
（2）作者观点或意图的推断
例：The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to ____.
A. argue against free university education
B. call on them to finance students’ studies
C. encourage graduates to go into business
D. show their contribution to higher education
该题中作者的观点或意图并没有直接出现在原文中，但是我们通过对一些关键连词或句子结构的分析，可以捕捉到字面后隐藏的观点。
（3）对文体的推断
例：Where can we most probably read this text？ ____.
A． In a research
B. In a short story
C． In a travel magazine
D. In a student’s book
这样的题目不仅需要考生具备一些基本常识，如对各类文体知识的了解，而且能区分这些文体的不同特征。
4.逻辑结构题
逻辑结构题考查主要包括行文结构的逻辑判断能力和语义逻辑的理解能力两个方面。2010年高考英语试题中出现了阅读还原句子形式。就是要求考生在全面理解文章意思和结构的基础上，把摘出来的句子还原到文章中去。
例：Muzak…
If you listen to Muzak carefully， you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters do not want theiy songs to be used as Muzak， but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? __73__.
E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better
F． They get as much as ﹩4 million a year if their songs are used
G． Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world
5.预测信息题
该题型考查考生对文章段落发展的预测能力。这首先需要考生读懂文章，明确文章谈论了哪几方面的内容，然后结合文体知识去预测下文的发展。
例：The passage is probably followed a con-cluding paragraph about ____.
A. Zelda’s personal life
B. Zelda’s illness and treatment
C. Fitzgerald’s friendship with Graham
D...Fitzgerald’s contributions to the literary world