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By mimicing the function of natural cellulase, two kinds of acidic catalysts, which are biomass-derived carbonaceous solid acid and acidic eopolymers, were synthesized.Highly dispersed carbonaceous spheres with sulfonic acid groups were successfully prepared from glucose by hydrothermal method.Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the as-synthesized carbonaceous materials are uniform, spherical in shape with an average diameter of about 450 nm.