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Neurogenesis in the primate subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle (LV) persisted throughout adulthood and the existence of rostral migratory stream (RMS) pathway in the adult primates has been intensely studied.However, the cellular organization and neurogenesis process in vertebrates, especially in monkeys remains unclear.In the present study, we described the general configuration of the SVZ and RMS in adult monkeys via the expression of zinc finger transcription factor Sp8.Also we detected the expression of Sp8 in the amphibians, reptiles, birds, rodents and primates.Majority of the neuroblasts in SVZ, RMS, olfactory tract and olfactory bulb are Sp8positive.Moreover, this transcription factor is highly expressed in the interneurons (CR, CB, TH and PV) of adult monkey olfactory bulb.Combining with imrmunohistochemical detection of a marker for DNA replication (BrdU) and several cell type-specific markers, newly generated interneurons are detected in the monkey olfactory bulb.Taken together, our data suggest that Sp8 could be used as a marker to characterize neurogenesis of adult SVZ and RMS in rhesus monkeys.