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ｐ５３基因是在人类多数肿瘤中发生高频突变的肿瘤相关性最强的抑癌基因，其突变特征为８０％的点突变均集中在进化的高保区内，即对应的第５－８外显子部位．恶性间皮瘤是一种与接触石棉有明确关系的间叶源性肿瘤．为深入阐明ｐ５３基因在人恶性间皮瘤发生发展中的作用，应用聚合酶链反应－单链构象多态性（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ）和免疫组化技术研究了３４例恶性间皮瘤ｐ５３基因的点突变情况．结果表明：５６％（１９／３４）的病例存在ｐ５３基因的点突变，突变率在不同的组织学类型之间有一定的差异；在所发现的２２次突变中有１６次均发生在第７外显子，表明第７外显子是本组恶性间皮瘤的突变热点所在；免疫组化染色：２３％（８／３４）的病例Ｐ５３蛋白免疫组化染色为阳性，阳性率低于基因突变率．以上资料提示ｐ５３基因突变可能在恶性间皮瘤的癌变机制中起着重要作用．
The p53 gene is the most tumor-associated tumor suppressor gene that occurs in many human tumors with high-frequency mutation. Its mutation feature is that 80% of all point mutations are concentrated in the evolutionary high-guarantee area, that is, the corresponding 5-8th appearance. Subparts. Malignant mesothelioma is a mesenchymal tumor with a clear relationship with asbestos exposure. To further clarify the role of p53 gene in the development of human mesothelioma, we used polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and immunohistochemistry to study the p53 gene mutation in 34 cases of malignant mesothelioma. Point mutation situation. The results showed that 56% (19/34) of the cases had point mutations in the p53 gene, and mutation rates varied in different histological types; 16 of the 22 mutations found occurred in the 7th. Exon, indicating that the 7th exon is the hot spot of malignant mesothelioma in this group; immunohistochemical staining: 23% (8/34) cases of P53 protein immunohistochemical staining was positive, the positive rate was lower than the gene Mutation rate. The above data suggest that p53 gene mutation may play an important role in the malignant mechanism of malignant mesothelioma.