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29.辐射感温器热电转换的非线性对实际使用有何影响?答:从辅射高温计显示仪表的标度尺上可以明显地看出,其分度线前密后疏。这一现象,在前次《仪表工问答》中已经作了解释:凡是通过辐射法所传递的能量,仪表中检测元件在全波长范围内所接受的辐射通量都符合斯蒂芬-波尔兹曼定律,即是和该物体所处温度的四次方成正比。当然,由于透镜的吸收系数和自由端温度的补偿等附加影响,从感温器的分度表中查得的温度-毫伏值也并非绝对符合四次方的关系,但十分接近四次方(注意:要以绝对温度计算)。
29. What is the effect of the non-linearity of the thermoelectric conversion of the radiation thermometer on the practical use? A: It can be clearly seen from the scale of the auxiliary pyrometer that the indexing line is dense. This phenomenon has been explained in the previous Metrology Q & A: All the radiant fluxes of all the components of the instrument in the whole wavelength range are consistent with the energy transmitted by the radiation method. The law, that is, is proportional to the fourth power of the temperature at which the object is located. Of course, the temperature-millivolt value obtained from the thermometer’s indexing table does not exactly fit the fourth power due to the additional influence of the lens’s absorption coefficient and free-end temperature compensation, but it is very close to the power of four (Note: To calculate in absolute temperature).