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现代小品文和现代杂文产生于五四运动以前。30年代中期以前,杂文概念包括在小品文概念之中,这时的小品文概念,相当于现代散文或所谓“美文”;30年代后半期,杂文从小品文中分离出来,与小品文并立,成为现代散文领域中最重要的两个分支。小品文与杂文分立的原因,一是源于30年代前期关于“小品文之争”,二是由于1935年底鲁迅正式以“杂文”二字同时为自己的三部杂文集命名,并于1937年7月同时公开出版。以“杂文”命名的鲁迅三部杂文集的同时出版,是杂文从小品文中分离出来的显著标志,因而这三部杂文集公开出版的1937年,便是杂文正式定名之年。本文还对鲁迅为杂文定名的原因作了探讨。
Modern essay and modern essay produced before the May 4th Movement. Before the mid-1930s, the notion of essay was included in the concept of essay. At this time, the concept of essay is equivalent to modern essay or so-called “beautiful article.” In the latter half of the 1930s, essays separated from essay and essay became modern essay The two most important branches. Essay and essay to separate the reasons for the separation, one from the early 1930s on the “essay dispute”, the second is due to the end of 1935 Lu Xun officially “essay” at the same time for his three essays collection, and in July 1937 At the same time published. The simultaneous publication of three essays of Lu Xun, named after “essay,” is a prominent symbol of the separation of essays from essays. Therefore, the publication of these three essays in 1937 was the official year of essays. This article also discusses the reasons why Lu Xun named the essay.