能乐是日本传统剧种之一,与歌舞伎及文乐(傀儡戏)并列为三大传统剧种。从十四世纪中叶,相当于中国南对北曲的元代,能乐开始在日本流行。能乐最初只是为宗教赞助捐款而组织的义演,为郊庙祭祀,敬神献乐。后来发展为贵族剧,声乐歌舞,俳优伎戏一应俱全。剧中动作与情节简约,对话不多,有些部分是哑剧。面具、艳装、合唱、舞蹈是其主要特征。剧中穿插着乐曲。后台乐器仅有一支竹笛三面鼓,谓小鼓、大鼓与太鼓(即肩鼓、腰鼓与擂鼓也)。舞蹈贯穿剧中,时起时伏,由其 Nora is one of the traditional Japanese operas, and is tied for the three traditional operas with Kabuki and Bunraku (puppet theater). From the mid-fourteenth century, the equivalent of China's southern song to the North Yuan Dynasty, Nora began to pop in Japan. Nongle was originally just a donation organized for the religious sponsorship, for the temple worship, dedication. Later developed into aristocratic play, vocal song and dance, 俳 excellent technique. The action and plot simple, little dialogue, some parts are mute. Mask, Yan Zhuang, chorus, dance is its main feature. The play is interspersed with music. Backstage instrument has only one bamboo flute three drums, that the drum, drum and drum (drum shoulder, drum and drum also). Dance runs through the play, from time to time, by it