苏联铁路的道岔数量超过30万组,其轨下基础几乎全部为木岔枕。为试验目的研制并铺设运营的钢筋混凝土岔枕(以下简称PC岔枕)、密排PC宽岔枕及PC纵向枕基础数量极少。他们虽在以适应重载运输为主(包括高速客车区段)的近代轨道结构中明确以PC轨枕(配合无缝线路)取代木枕的发展方向,但在道岔中由于岔枕长度种类多,载荷位置不固定、钢 The number of turnouts in the Soviet Union exceeds 300,000, and almost all of them are under-rail sleepers. For the purpose of testing and laying operation of reinforced concrete sleepers (hereinafter referred to as PC bifurcation pillow), close-packed PC wide-bifurcated PC pillow and the basic number of minimal longitudinal pillow. Although they clearly defined the direction of development of PC sleepers (with seamless lines) in modern orbit structures that mainly accommodate heavy-haul transport (including high-speed passenger car segments), because of the large variety of sleeper lengths in turnouts, Load position is not fixed, steel