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目的研究大籽獐牙菜Swertia macrosperma的化学成分。方法利用高效液相色谱、柱色谱、重结晶等方法进行分离纯化,通过理化性质和波谱数据分析鉴定化合物的结构,采用半叶枯斑法进行抗烟草花叶病毒(TMV)活性实验。结果从大籽獐牙菜全草甲醇提取物中共分离得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为9,10-二羟基獐牙菜苷(1)、3′-O-(3-羟基苯甲酸酯)獐牙菜苷(2)、芒果苷(3)、2,6,8-三羟基酮-1-O-β-葡萄糖苷(4)、1,2,3,4-四氢-1,6,8三羟基酮-4-O-葡萄糖苷(5)、1,2,3,4-四氢-1,4,6,8-四羟基酮(6)、顺-4,4′-二羟基二苯基乙烯(7)、反-4,4′-二羟基二苯基乙烯(8)。结论化合物1为新化合物,命名为大籽獐牙菜苷A,其具有微弱的抗TMV活性,其中化合物2、7、8为首次从獐牙菜属植物中分到。
Objective To study the chemical composition of swertia macrosperma. Methods The compounds were separated and purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), column chromatography and recrystallization. The structures of the compounds were identified by physico - chemical properties and spectroscopic data analysis. The anti - tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity assay was carried out by semi - leaf spot blotting. Results Eight compounds were isolated from the whole plant methanol extract of Swertia gracilis and identified as 9,10-dihydro-maltodextrin (1), 3’-O- (3-hydroxybenzoate) Swertia glycosides (2), mangiferin (3), 2,6,8-trihydroxyketone-1-O-glucoside (4), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,6 , 8 trihydroxyketone-4-O-glucoside (5), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4,6,8-tetrahydroxyketone (6), cis-4,4’-bis Hydroxydiphenylethylene (7), trans-4,4’-dihydroxydiphenylethylene (8). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound, named as large-sized swertiacein A, which has weak anti-TMV activity. Among them, compounds 2, 7 and 8 were assigned to Swertia for the first time.