毕业会考制度创立于民国后期,随即成为提高教学质量的保证。当新中国成立后,此制被长期废置,随着改革开放的逐步深化,终于于1990年全面恢复了。高中毕业会考制度在创立、废置、恢复的过程中,会考制度始终存在着较大争议,且不乏过激言辞。鉴于当今大多数省区依旧在实施高中毕业会考,因而对其兴废得失有必要进行理性审视,以利于进一步改革和完善。 Graduation exam system was founded in the late Republic of China, then became a guarantee of improving teaching quality. After the founding of New China, this system was abolished for a long time and finally recovered in 1990 with the gradual deepening of reform and opening up. During the process of establishing, dismantling, and resuming the high school graduation exam system, there has always been some controversy in the examination system, and there is no lack of excuse. In view of the fact that most of the provinces and autonomous regions are still implementing the high school graduation examinations, it is necessary to conduct a rational examination of their gains and losses so as to facilitate further reforms and improvements.