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目的对比不同级别医院在使用数字X射线摄影及屏片X射线摄影对受检者进行摄影诊断时受检者剂量的差别。方法采用热释光剂量计(TLD)法测量X射线摄影成人受检者入射体表剂量(ESD),选择20家医院年龄在20~70岁之间的受检者,男性体重在55~80kg之间,女性体重在50~70kg之间。测量部位包含头颅(PA、LAT)、胸部(PA、LAT)、腰椎(PA、LAT)及胸椎(PA、LAT)。结果共对961次摄影进行了调查,比较各级医院头颅(PA、LAT)、胸部(PA、LAT)、腰椎(PA、LAT)及胸椎(PA、LAT)的受检者体表剂量平均值,三级医院的受检者体表剂量平均值最小,分别为:0.28 mGy、0.37 mGy、0.32 mGy、0.10 mGy、2.59 mGy、1.99 mGy、4.02 mGy和4.73 mGy。结论数字X射线摄影对受检者产生的剂量比屏片X射线摄影低;使用同种摄影设备对受检者产生的剂量中,三级医院最低,一级医院最高。
OBJECTIVE To compare the differences in the dose of subjects when using digital X-ray and screen radiographs to diagnose the subjects in different levels of hospitals. Methods The total body surface dose (ESD) of adult subjects in X-ray photography was measured by the method of thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD). The subjects from 20 to 70 years old in 20 hospitals were selected. The male body weight was 55-80kg Between the female body weight between 50 ~ 70kg. The measurement sites included head and neck (PA, LAT), chest (PA, LAT), lumbar (PA, LAT) and thoracic (PA, LAT). Results A total of 961 photographic surveys were conducted to compare the average body surface dose of the subjects with PA, LAT, PA, LAT, PA, LAT and PA The average body surface dose of subjects in tertiary hospitals was the lowest, 0.28 mGy, 0.37 mGy, 0.32 mGy, 0.10 mGy, 2.59 mGy, 1.99 mGy, 4.02 mGy and 4.73 mGy, respectively. Conclusions Digital X-ray radiography has a lower dose than X-ray photography on the subjects. Among the doses produced by the same type of imaging equipment, the third-level hospitals and the first-level hospitals are the lowest.