翻译的首要标准是“忠实” ,即对原来文本意义的准确理解和用新文本作准确再现。然而 ,文本的意义受作者、文化系统、读者等多方面的制约 ,具有自身的语义不确定性和理解上的多重含义性 ,所以 ,翻译是不可能做得到完全忠实的。所谓好的译本是指对特定的目的语读者群比较好地传达到了原文意义的译文 ,因而 ,好的译文应体现与目的语读者相适应的文化意识。 The primary criterion for translation is “loyalty,” meaning an accurate understanding of the meaning of the original text and an accurate representation of the new text. However, the meaning of the text is restricted by the author, the cultural system and the readers. It has its own semantic uncertainty and multiple meanings in understanding. Therefore, the translation can not be completely loyal. The so-called good translation refers to the target language readership better convey the meaning of the original translation, therefore, a good translation should reflect the target language readers with cultural awareness.