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世界本原问题理学家们尽管对世界本原作出了各种不同的解释,但是都否认世界是由“天”这样的人格神创造的,这显然是一大进步。张载认为,世界的本原是太虚之气,太虚就是气,宇宙万物源于一元的太虚之气,气是唯一的、物质的。气作为构成世界的物质实体,有不同形态的变化,是永恒的。理与气是一致的、相依存的;没有气就没有理,没有理也就没有气。这种“气本论”的哲学,属于朴素唯物主义范畴。他还认为,事物的存在既是对立的,又是统一的,并变
Despite all the different interpretations of the origin of the world, Neo-Confucians denied that the world was created by God of Personality, such as God. It is obviously a great step forward. According to Zhang Zai, the essence of the world is the air of tooness, the air of nothingness, the universe of everything derived from the metaphysical energy of the universe, and the air is unique and material. As a material entity that constitutes the world, gas has different forms of change and is eternal. Reason and gas are consistent, dependent on each other; no gas is no reason, no reason, there is no gas. The philosophy of this “gas theory ” belongs to the category of simple materialism. He also believes that the existence of things is both antithetical, unified, and changeable