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目的了解和掌握黔西北部分地区燃煤型氟中毒(地氟病)的流行现状,探讨地氟病防治措施。方法测定3个氟中毒重病村居民家中的煤、饮水、玉米、辣椒和茶叶中的氟水平;调查化落、马家庄村儿童和成人氟斑牙患病率、居民氟中毒患病情况及尿氟水平。结果化落、马家庄、偏坡寨3个村煤氟分别为107.8、104.1、117.6mg/kg,饮水氟为0.12、0.14、<0.05mg/L,玉米氟为30.6、33.4、49.8mg/kg,辣椒氟为513.1、342.6、281.0mg/kg;化落和马家庄村成人和儿童氟斑牙检出率均高于96.90%,成人临床氟骨症检出率分别为75.43%和60.52%,成人尿氟分别为4.98、和3.44mg/kg。结论3个调查点煤氟相对较低,玉米和辣椒氟较高,尿氟偏低,但居民氟中毒的病情严重,这与病区居民长期生活和饮食习惯有关。因此,在病区深入开展健康教育,提高居民的防病意识,是当前防治地氟病工作的重中之重。
Objective To understand and grasp the epidemic situation of coal-burning fluorosis (Fluorosis) in some areas in northwestern Guizhou and to explore the prevention and treatment measures of Fluorosis. Methods The levels of fluorine in coal, drinking water, corn, peppers and tea in 3 fluorosis poisoning village residents were determined. The prevalence of dental fluorosis and urine fluoride in children and adults in Majiazhuang village, Fluoride levels. Results In the three villages of Huazhuolu, Majiazhuang and Piaozhai, the coal fluoride contents were 107.8,104.1,117.6mg / kg, drinking water fluoride was 0.12,0.14, <0.05mg / L, corn fluoride was 30.6,33.4,49.8mg / kg and chili fluoride 513.1,342.6,281.0mg / kg respectively. The detection rates of dental fluorosis and dental fluorosis were all higher than 96.90% in adults and children in Majiazhuang village. The detection rates of clinical skeletal fluorosis were 75.43% and 60.52% Urinary fluoride in adults were 4.98 and 3.44 mg / kg, respectively. Conclusions The three surveys showed relatively low levels of coal fluoride, high levels of corn and chili fluoride, and low urinary fluoride. However, residents were seriously ill with fluorosis, which was related to long-term residents’ living and eating habits. Therefore, in-depth health education in wards and residents to enhance awareness of disease prevention is currently the top priority in the prevention and treatment of endemic fluorosis.