20世纪40年代以来,生物学吸收了数学、物理学和化学等领域的成就,逐渐发展成一门精确的、定量的、深入到分子层次的科学。21世纪,被称为是生物学的世纪已经是不争的事实。现在我们通常认为21世纪最大的发展就是生物技术:基因工程已经是小菜一碟;第一个人造肝脏的成功也已经在2006年被报道,十几年前这还只是科幻小说的情节……随着物理、化学科技的不断完善,先进的 Since the 1940s, biology has absorbed achievements in the fields of mathematics, physics and chemistry and gradually developed into an accurate and quantitative science that goes deep into the molecular level. The 21st century, known as the century of biology, is an indisputable fact. Now we usually think that the biggest development in the 21st century is biotechnology: genetic engineering is already a piece of cake. The success of the first artificial liver has also been reported in 2006. This is only the story of science fiction more than a decade ago. The physical, chemical technology continues to improve, advanced