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李鸿章于清同治元年(1862年)创办的一支勇营军队——淮军,在中国近代社会存在近40年,并深为清王朝所倚重。究其原因,除诸种社会历史因素之外,它本身的近代化(或称“西化”),也是一个不可忽视的重要因素。本文拟就淮军近代化问题略抒浅见。淮军的近代化,包括武器装备、组织编制、训练教育等方面,其中以武器装备近代化为先。淮军成军时,一切均仿湘军,武器装备主要为大刀、长矛、小枪(鸟铳)、抬枪、劈山炮等旧式兵器。同治元年八月(1862年9月),淮军进驻上海还不到五个月,李鸿章就已令淮军各营添练洋枪小队,
Li Hongzhang in the first year of the Qing Dynasty (1862) founded a brave battalion army - the Anhun Army in China in modern society for nearly 40 years, and deeply relied on the Qing Dynasty. The reason, in addition to various social and historical factors, its own modernization (or “Westernization”), but also an important factor can not be ignored. This article is about the issue of modernization of the Huai Army. The modernization of the Anhwei Army includes weapons and equipment, organization and preparation, training and education, among which modernization of weaponry and equipment is the first priority. When the ancestry of the Huai Army became an army, all were imitating the Hunan Army. Weapons and equipment were mainly military weapons such as big spears, spears, small guns (birds and plovers), raising guns, and snakehead guns. In August of the first year of Tongzhi (September 1862), less than five months after the stationing of the Huai Army in Shanghai, Li Hung-chang had already allowed the various battalions of the Huai Army to practice the foreign gun team.