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近年来,药物引起急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)的报道逐渐增多。本文就一些常用药物引起的ARF作一综述。 1 头孢拉定 头孢拉定为第一代头孢菌素,抗菌谱广,耐酸耐酶,临床上广泛用于呼吸道、生殖泌尿道、肠遭感染等。王月丽报道1例81岁女患者,因肺炎给予头孢拉定加葡萄糖液滴注,输液6h后出现寒颤、恶心、胸闷等急性溶血症状。入院后立即对症治疗,第3天出现少尿、酱油色尿、尿素氮45.7mmol/L,诊断为溶血性急性肾功能衰竭,终因病情过重,抢救无效死亡。头孢拉定具有半抗原性质,进入人体内可发生变态反应,出现溶血,最终导致ARF。所以当病人用头孢拉定时,应密切观察病人的变态反应,发现异常,及时处理,以避免ARF的发生。
In recent years, reports of drug-induced acute renal failure (ARF) have been gradually increasing. This article summarizes ARFs caused by some commonly used drugs. Cefradizime Cefradine as the first generation cephalosporins, broad antibacterial spectrum, acid tolerance enzyme, widely used in clinical respiratory, genitourinary tract, intestinal infections. Wang Yue Li reported a 81-year-old female patient, given cefradine and glucose infusion due to pneumonia, infusion 6h after chills, nausea, chest tightness and other acute hemolytic symptoms. Symptomatic treatment immediately after admission, the first three days of oliguria, soy sauce, urine urea nitrogen 45.7mmol / L, diagnosed with hemolytic acute renal failure, the end result of illness, rescue died. Cephradine has a semi-antigenic nature, into the human body can occur allergy, hemolysis, eventually leading to ARF. Therefore, when patients with cephradin time, the patient should be closely observed allergic reactions, abnormalities found in time to avoid the occurrence of ARF.