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英语中,含“名词”的动词短语主要有三类——动词+名词+介词(take delight in, do wrong to, have mercy on等);动词+介词+名词(come to a conclusion, make up one’s mind, come into use等);动词+名词(take steps, make progress, play roles等)｡命题人对这类动词短语常以下列三种方式考查:
一､ 把“名词”作为先行词考查定语从句
【试题例证】
1. Most of the audience wondered what idea a man who’s deaf from birth can have________music.
A. with B. in C. of D. at
2. I can hardly imagine the great trouble they will have to take________their war-stricken country.
A. rebuilding B. rebuild
C. rebuildD. to rebuilt
【指点迷津】
1. C｡此题考查动词短语“have an idea of(明白;理解)”｡其中,宾语从句的主干为“a man can have what idea of music”(而who’s deaf from birth是修饰a man的定语从句),命题人将动词“have”的宾语“idea”放到宾语从句之首构成了定语从句的先行词｡2. D｡此题考查动词短语“take great trouble to do sth.(不辞辛劳地做某事)”｡其中,宾语从句的主干为“they will have to take great trouble to rebuild their war-stricken country”,命题人将动词“take”的宾语“trouble”作为主句的宾语,同时作为后置定语从句的先行词｡
二､ 把“名词”作为主语考查被动语态
【试题例证】
1. Great efforts must be________in order to improve your spoken English.
A. made B. tried C. hadD. put
2. In my opinion, more attention should be paid________the students’ abilities.
A. to developB. developing
C. to developingD. in developing
【指点迷津】
1. A｡此题考查动词短语“make great efforts to do sth.努力做(某事)”｡题中将动词“make”的宾语“efforts”置于句首,作为句子主语,而“be made”就是被动语态｡2. C｡此题考查动词短语“pay attention to”｡题中将pay 的宾语“attention”置于句首,作为句子主语,而“be paid”就是被动语态｡
三､ 把“名词”当作逻辑主语或宾语考查非谓语动词
【试题例证】
1. Everything________into consideration, they ought to have another chance.
A. to take B. taken
C. to be taken D. taking
2. In the reading-room, we found her seated at a desk, with her eyes________on a book.
A. fixingB. fixes
C. fixed D. to fix
【指点迷津】
1. B｡此题是在独立主格结构中考查动词短语“take sth. into consideration(考虑到;顾及)”｡题中将“everything”置于句首,构成独立主格结构,在句中作状语,其中everything是take的逻辑主语,而它们之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词｡2. C｡此题是在“with复合结构中”申考查动词短语“fix one’s eyes on / upon sth.(注视某物)”,题中将“her eyes”作为介词with的宾语,而把动词“fixed”作为宾语补足语｡其中“her eyes”与“fix”是动宾关系,故应用过去分词｡
【巩固练习】
1. You can never imagine what difficulty I have________your house.
A. foundB. finding
C. to find D. for finding
2. My tongue would not pronounce the apology for my being wrong I________.
A. had made
B. had done
C. had hoped to make
D. had hoped to do
3. The study you have been making________the ancient Chinese characters is an instructive job.
A. toB. for C. ofD. from
4. Such good use has been________his spare time________his English has improved a lot.
A. made of； thatB. made of； as
C. made in； thatD. found in； as
5. The president promised to keep all the board members________of how the negotiations were going on.
A. informB. informing
C. be informedD. informed
6. The comments that the Japanese Prime Minister Koizumi(小泉)________about his visits to Yasukuni(靖国神社) made the world angry.
A. did
B. made
C. performed
D. had
Keys:1. B2. C3. C4. A5. D6. B
一､ 把“名词”作为先行词考查定语从句
【试题例证】
1. Most of the audience wondered what idea a man who’s deaf from birth can have________music.
A. with B. in C. of D. at
2. I can hardly imagine the great trouble they will have to take________their war-stricken country.
A. rebuilding B. rebuild
C. rebuildD. to rebuilt
【指点迷津】
1. C｡此题考查动词短语“have an idea of(明白;理解)”｡其中,宾语从句的主干为“a man can have what idea of music”(而who’s deaf from birth是修饰a man的定语从句),命题人将动词“have”的宾语“idea”放到宾语从句之首构成了定语从句的先行词｡2. D｡此题考查动词短语“take great trouble to do sth.(不辞辛劳地做某事)”｡其中,宾语从句的主干为“they will have to take great trouble to rebuild their war-stricken country”,命题人将动词“take”的宾语“trouble”作为主句的宾语,同时作为后置定语从句的先行词｡
二､ 把“名词”作为主语考查被动语态
【试题例证】
1. Great efforts must be________in order to improve your spoken English.
A. made B. tried C. hadD. put
2. In my opinion, more attention should be paid________the students’ abilities.
A. to developB. developing
C. to developingD. in developing
【指点迷津】
1. A｡此题考查动词短语“make great efforts to do sth.努力做(某事)”｡题中将动词“make”的宾语“efforts”置于句首,作为句子主语,而“be made”就是被动语态｡2. C｡此题考查动词短语“pay attention to”｡题中将pay 的宾语“attention”置于句首,作为句子主语,而“be paid”就是被动语态｡
三､ 把“名词”当作逻辑主语或宾语考查非谓语动词
【试题例证】
1. Everything________into consideration, they ought to have another chance.
A. to take B. taken
C. to be taken D. taking
2. In the reading-room, we found her seated at a desk, with her eyes________on a book.
A. fixingB. fixes
C. fixed D. to fix
【指点迷津】
1. B｡此题是在独立主格结构中考查动词短语“take sth. into consideration(考虑到;顾及)”｡题中将“everything”置于句首,构成独立主格结构,在句中作状语,其中everything是take的逻辑主语,而它们之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词｡2. C｡此题是在“with复合结构中”申考查动词短语“fix one’s eyes on / upon sth.(注视某物)”,题中将“her eyes”作为介词with的宾语,而把动词“fixed”作为宾语补足语｡其中“her eyes”与“fix”是动宾关系,故应用过去分词｡
【巩固练习】
1. You can never imagine what difficulty I have________your house.
A. foundB. finding
C. to find D. for finding
2. My tongue would not pronounce the apology for my being wrong I________.
A. had made
B. had done
C. had hoped to make
D. had hoped to do
3. The study you have been making________the ancient Chinese characters is an instructive job.
A. toB. for C. ofD. from
4. Such good use has been________his spare time________his English has improved a lot.
A. made of； thatB. made of； as
C. made in； thatD. found in； as
5. The president promised to keep all the board members________of how the negotiations were going on.
A. informB. informing
C. be informedD. informed
6. The comments that the Japanese Prime Minister Koizumi(小泉)________about his visits to Yasukuni(靖国神社) made the world angry.
A. did
B. made
C. performed
D. had
Keys:1. B2. C3. C4. A5. D6. B