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测验指对行为样本的客观的和标准化的测量 ,实验则是在有控制的情景中 ,操纵自变量 ,然后观察因变量变化的过程。因此 ,两者涉及的效度有所区别。重点讨论测验效度问题 ,包括内容效度、实证效度和构想效度的含义以及这些效度的定性和定量检验方法。特别指出 ,应当避免混淆测验效度与实验效度 ,避免用内容效度的评定取代其他效度的评定 ,避免对不必要进行效度检验的内容进行效度检验
Quizzes are objective and standardized measures of behavioral samples. Experiments, in controlled situations, manipulate the independent variable and observe the process of the dependent variable. Therefore, the validity of the two involved differ. It focuses on the question of test validity, including the meaning of content validity, empirical validity and the validity of the concept, as well as qualitative and quantitative tests of these validity. In particular, it should be avoided to confuse the validity of the test with the validity of the trial, to avoid replacing the assessment of the other validity with the evaluation of the content validity and to avoid the validity test of the content which is not necessary for the validity test