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本文结合当时的历史背景,同时通过与中国古典文学作品的比较,指出《贫穷问答歌》里问者的形象与《令反惑情歌》序文中的倍俗先生是一致的,都是以困扰当时社会的私度僧为原型创作出来的。长歌通过描写问者和答者“相反”的生活方式,揭示深刻的社会矛盾,反映答者下层民众的悲惨生活。批判当时社会上不断增加的逃避苦难现实、抛弃家人的浮浪人口和私度僧。《贫穷问答歌》深受中国古典文学作品的影响,但展现的是奈良时代的社会风貌,具有山上忆良独创的艺术个性。
Based on the historical background at the time and the comparison with the works of Chinese classical literature, this article points out that the image of the questioner in Poverty Quiz Song is consistent with the multiple customs in the Preface to the Anti-Puzzle Song, Social priest monks created for the prototype. Long songs reveal the profound social contradictions and depict the miserable life of the lower-class people by answering the question by describing the lifestyle of the “opposite”. Criticizing the ever-increasing social evasion of the reality of suffering, surrender of family members of the floating population and private monks. “Poor question and answer song” is deeply influenced by classical Chinese literature, but it shows the social outlook of Nara period and has the unique artistic personality of Yayoi on the mountain.