四、晶体二极管 1.基本概念晶体二极管是用半导体材料制成的,因此也称半导体二极管。常用的半导体材料就有锗和硅两种。各种晶体二极管都是利用硅或锗的“P型”(“空穴”是主要载流子)半导体材料和“N型”(“电子”是主要载流子)半导体材料制成的。在“P型”半导体和“N型”半导体相结合的地方,形成一个叫做“PN结”的特殊薄层(见图73所示)。“PN结”的最基本的特性就是它对电 Fourth, the crystal diode 1. The basic concept of the crystal diode is made of semiconductor materials, it is also known as semiconductor diodes. Common semiconductor materials have two kinds of germanium and silicon. Various crystal diodes are made from “P” (“hole” is the main carrier) semiconductor material of silicon or germanium and “N type” (“electron” is the main carrier) semiconductor material. In the combination of “P” and “N” semiconductors, a special thin layer called the “PN junction” is formed (see Figure 73). “PN junction” is the most basic feature of its electricity