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目的建立银翘散蒸馏液中3种主要挥发性成分薄荷酮、薄荷脑、胡薄荷酮的定量测定方法,探索银翘散煎煮过程挥发性成分的蒸发规律,为阐明银翘散“香气大出即取服”的科学内涵提供科学依据。方法收集不同煎煮时间段的银翘散蒸馏液,采用GC-MS法定性分析其中挥发性化学成分并测定薄荷酮、薄荷脑、胡薄荷酮的量,考察不同煎煮时间对银翘散中薄荷酮、薄荷脑、胡薄荷酮蒸发速度的影响。结果银翘散挥发油GC-MS总离子流色谱图共确定色谱峰26个,其中相对质量分数大于1.5%的色谱峰14个,主要来源于连翘、薄荷、荆芥3味药;随着煎煮时间的延长,相对质量分数较大的3种成分薄荷酮、薄荷脑、胡薄荷酮的蒸发速度均先增大后逐渐减小,平均蒸发速度均在5~10 min达到最大值,分别为13.77、147.74、31.26μg/min;煮沸0~5、5~10、10~15、15~20、20~25、25~30、30~40、40~50、50~60、60~80、80~100、100~120 min时间段,银翘散中薄荷酮、薄荷脑、胡薄荷酮3种成分总的平均蒸发速度分别为160.23、192.77、120.71、70.85、54.01、42.41、30.36、17.87、14.98、10.01、7.79、7.58μg/min。结论煎煮时间对银翘散挥发性成分蒸发速度影响较大;煮沸约5 min时,香气大出,煮沸5~10 min时间段,银翘散中3种挥发性成分的平均蒸发速度也最大,散失也最快;煮沸15 min后,香气变淡,银翘散中3种挥发性成分蒸发速度明显减小,提示银翘散“香气大出即取服”传统煎煮方法具有一定的科学依据。
Objective To establish a quantitative method for the determination of the three major volatile constituents in Yinqiao San distillate, including menthone, menthol, and menthone, and to explore the evaporation rules of the volatile components of Yinqiao San decoction. Take the big out of service “scientific connotation to provide a scientific basis. Methods The distillate of Yinqiao Powder with different boiling time was collected. The volatile components were determined by GC-MS and the contents of menthone, menthol, and pulegone were determined. The effects of different decocting time on Yinqiao San Effects of menthone, menthol, and menthone evaporation speed. Results GC-MS total ion chromatogram of Yinqiao Powder identified a total of 26 chromatographic peaks, of which 14 were the relative mass fraction greater than 1.5%, mainly from Forsythia, Mint, Nepeta 3 herbs; The boiling time, boiling time and the relative mass fraction of the three components of the menthone, menthol, pulegone evaporation rate first increased and then decreased gradually, the average evaporation rate reached the maximum in 5 ~ 10 min were 13.77, 147.74, 31.26 μg / min; boiling 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-25, 25-30, 40-40, 50-60, The total average evaporation rates of the three components of Yinqiao powder, menthol, and menthone from 80 to 100,100 to 120 min were 160.23, 192.77, 120.71, 70.85, 54.01, 42.41, 30.36, 17.87, 14.98, 10.01, 7.79, 7.58 μg / min. Conclusion The boiling time has a significant effect on the evaporation rate of the volatile components of Yinqiao Powder. When the boiling time is about 5 minutes, the average evaporation rate of the three volatile components in Yinqiao Powder is the largest , The loss is also the fastest; boil 15 min, the aroma fades, three kinds of volatile components of Yinqiao scattered evaporation rate was significantly reduced, suggesting Yinqiaosan ”aroma out of service" traditional decoction method has a certain The scientific basis.