卵泡生长和排卵需要颗粒细胞的正常增殖和功能表达,胰岛素是促进颗粒细胞增殖和发挥生理功能的重要因子,通过多条信号途径与其他因子相互作用,精密地调节颗粒细胞增殖、物质代谢、合成甾体激素。多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者高胰岛素血症和胰岛素抵抗导致颗粒细胞增殖抑制、功能失调,抑制卵泡的正常生长和排卵。 Follicle growth and ovulation require the normal proliferation and functional expression of granulosa cells. Insulin is an important factor that promotes the proliferation of granulosa cells and exerts its physiological function. Through multiple signal pathways, insulin interacts with other factors to finely regulate granulosa cell proliferation, metabolism, and synthesis Steroid hormones. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) result in inhibition of granulosa cell proliferation, dysfunction, and inhibition of normal follicular growth and ovulation.