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目的分析原发性脑干出血的临床特点及预后。方法回顾性分析72例原发性脑干出血的临床和影像学资料。结果既往有高血压病史62例(88.2%),发病时血压升高66例(91.7%)。其中桥脑出血最常见,占79.1%(57/72)。血肿<2 ml者临床症状轻,预后好;血肿2～5 ml者,临床症状复杂多样,预后较差;血肿>5 ml者起病凶险,进展快,病死率极高。结论颅CT是诊断脑干出血的首选。脑干出血的常见原因是高血压、动脉硬化,其预后与出血量呈负相关。
Objective To analyze the clinical features and prognosis of primary brain stem hemorrhage. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 72 patients with primary brainstem hemorrhage were retrospectively analyzed. Results Historically, there were 62 (88.2%) patients with a history of hypertension and 66 (91.7%) patients with an elevated blood pressure at onset. Among them, pontine hemorrhage was the most common, accounting for 79.1% (57/72). Hematoma <2 ml of clinical symptoms of light, good prognosis; hematoma 2 ~ 5 ml were complicated and diverse clinical symptoms, the prognosis is poor; hematoma> 5 ml dangerous onset, rapid progress, high mortality. Conclusion CT is the first choice for diagnosis of brainstem hemorrhage. Brainstem hemorrhage is a common cause of hypertension, arteriosclerosis, the prognosis and the amount of bleeding was negatively correlated.