为了确定面向21世纪的研究开发新战略，日本近来先后制定了“科学伎术基本法”和“科学技术基本计划”，加大了科研政策和体制的调整力度。日本科研政策和体制的调整主要是从以下三个方面进行：首先，进一步加强基础科学研究，从“科技模仿立国”走向“科技创造立国”。1995年1 In order to determine a new strategy for research and development that is oriented toward the 21st century, Japan has recently enacted the “Basic Science of Science and Technology” and the “Basic Plan for Science and Technology”, and has stepped up the adjustment of its research policies and institutions. The adjustment of Japan's research policies and institutions is mainly carried out from the following three aspects: First, we must further strengthen basic scientific research and move from “science and technology imitating the founding of our own country” to “establishing a nation by science and technology.” 1995