制度在变迁中普遍存在一个这样的问题:虽然人们已经意识到旧制度的缺陷,但是在新制度取代旧制度的过程中为什么会出现缓慢甚至停滞、倒退的情况,使得旧制度难以被改变,新制度难以顺利实施呢?为了更深刻地了解这个问题,进一步地探索其背后的原因,本文选取马克思主义制度变迁理论和道格拉斯·诺斯的制度变迁理论作为本研究的理论基础,归纳出他们关于制度变迁中的“制度惰性”的思想。 There is a common problem in the vicissitudes of the system. Although people are aware of the shortcomings of the old system, why the slow or even stagnant and retrogression of the old system in the process of replacing the old one with the new one makes it hard to be changed? System is difficult to implement smoothly? In order to better understand this issue and further explore the reasons behind it, this article selects Marxist institutional change theory and Douglas North’s institutional change theory as the theoretical basis of this study, Changes in the “system of inertia” thinking.