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目的了解南京市浦口区2010-2014年居民恶性肿瘤死亡水平及减寿情况,为恶性肿瘤的防治工作提供科学依据。方法应用死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、潜在减寿率(PYLL‰)等指标分析浦口区居民恶性肿瘤死亡水平及减寿情况。结果浦口区2010-2014年恶性肿瘤死亡率为169.50/10万,标化死亡率为189.45/10万,占全死因构成的30.24%,居全死因的首位。在恶性肿瘤中,居首位肺癌死亡率为43.12/10万,其次是胃癌、肝癌、食管癌和结直肠肛门癌。恶性肿瘤死亡率在0~<50岁组处于较低水平,随着年龄增长恶性肿瘤死亡率逐渐升高,80岁~组最高为2012.07/10万。全人群主要恶性肿瘤前5位按PYLL率排序,依次为肺癌(1.98‰)、肝癌(1.76‰)、胃癌(1.64‰)、白血病(0.77‰)食管癌(0.65‰)。结论恶性肿瘤是导致浦口区居民死亡的首位死因,应根据不同人群、不同性别、不同肿瘤的特点,采取综合性干预措施,加强环境保护,改变不良的生活方式,对降低恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率具有重要的意义。
Objective To understand the death level and life expectancy of malignant tumors among residents from 2010 to 2014 in Pukou, Nanjing and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors. Methods Mortality, standardized mortality, PYLL, PYLL ‰ were used to analyze the mortality and life expectancy of malignant tumors in Pukou residents. Results The mortality rate of malignant tumor from 2010 to 2014 in Pukou District was 169.50 / 100 000, and the standardized mortality rate was 189.45 / 100 000, accounting for 30.24% of the total cause of death, ranking first in all cause of death. Among malignant tumors, the first death from lung cancer was 43.12 / 100,000, followed by gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal anorectal cancer. The mortality rate of malignant tumor was lower in 0 ~ <50 years old group, the malignant tumor mortality rate gradually increased with age, and the highest in 80 ~ age group was 2012.07 / 100000. The top five malignant tumors of the whole population were sorted by PYLL rate, followed by lung cancer (1.98 ‰), liver cancer (1.76 ‰), gastric cancer (1.64 ‰) and leukemia (0.77 ‰) esophageal cancer (0.65 ‰). Conclusions Malignant tumors are the leading cause of death among residents in Pukou. Comprehensive interventions should be taken according to the characteristics of different populations, different genders and different tumors to strengthen environmental protection and change unhealthy lifestyles, and to reduce the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors Rate is of great significance.