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目的:考查家庭的婚姻状况对中学生的自尊和行为产生怎样的影响。方法:采用家庭功能量表(FAD)、行为问题量表(BPS)和自尊量表(SES),对北京市6所中学的144个离婚家庭、75个再婚家庭以及作为对比组的139个在婚家庭的学生在这三个量表的各个维度上进行了对比。结果:不同家庭婚姻状况中,中学生问题行为(F=6.607,P=0.002)与家庭功能的问题解决(F=3.620,P=0.028)存在显著的差异,这些差异在男生和女生中的表现差异明显;不同婚姻状况家庭之间以及男女生之间自尊的差异不显著;多元线性回归分析中,自尊、家庭婚姻状况和家庭功能多方面因素对于中学生问题行为有一定的解释力(Radj2=19.5%)。结论:离婚家庭中的中学生受到的消极影响最大,产生的问题行为也最多;在离婚和再婚家庭中,男生受到的消极影响显著大于女生。
Purpose: To examine how family marital status affects secondary school students’ self-esteem and behavior. Methods: Using FAD, BPS and SES, 144 divorced families, 75 remarried families in 6 middle schools in Beijing and 139 pregnant women in control group Students in married families compared in all dimensions of the three scales. Results: Among different family marital status, there were significant differences in problem behaviors among middle school students (F = 6.607, P = 0.002) and family function problems (F = 3.620, P = 0.028) There was no significant difference in self-esteem between different marital status families and between boys and girls. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that self-esteem, family marital status and family function have some explanatory power for secondary school students’ problem behavior (Radj2 = 19.5% ). Conclusions: Secondary school students in divorced families receive the most negative effects and have the most problem behaviors. In divorced and remarried families, boys have a significantly greater negative impact than girls.