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目的识别、分析与评价拟建煤焦油深加工项目可能产生的职业病危害因素及危害程度,为建设项目的设计提供必要的职业病危害防护对策和建议。方法采用检查表法与类比法相结合的原则,对拟建项目可能产生的职业病危害因素进行定性、定量分析。结果在对拟建项目可行性研究报告工程分析的基础上,通过类比企业现场调查,确定该项目生产过程中存在的主要职业病危害因素为:煤焦油沥青挥发物、苯并(a)芘、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、苯乙烯、吡啶、苯酚、甲酚、苯酚钠、萘、联苯、菲、氨、氢氧化钠、硫酸、一氧化碳、二氧化硫、二氧化氮、噪声等,检测结果14种化学毒物浓度和噪声强度皆符合国家职业卫生标准。因菲、苯并(a)芘无国标,故采用前苏联标准判定,结果显示焦油火车卸车工作点和中温沥青装车工作点苯并(a)芘的MAC 0.01～0.46μg/m3,超过了前苏联的职业接触限值(0.15μg/m3)。结论该项目属于职业病危害严重的建设项目。从职业卫生角度分析,项目的建设是可行的。
Objective To identify, analyze and evaluate the possible occupational hazards and hazards of the proposed coal tar deep processing project and to provide the necessary occupational hazards protection countermeasures and suggestions for the design of construction projects. Methods Using the principle of combination of checklist and analogy, this paper qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed the potential hazards of occupational diseases in the proposed project. Results Based on the engineering analysis of the feasibility study report of the proposed project, the main occupational hazards that exist in the production process of the project were identified through the field investigation of the analogy enterprises as follows: coal tar pitch volatile matter, benzo (a) pyrene, benzene Toluene, xylene, styrene, pyridine, phenol, cresol, sodium phenolate, naphthalene, biphenyl, phenanthrene, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, Poison concentration and noise intensity are in line with national occupational health standards. (Philippines), benzo (a) pyrene without national standard, so the use of the former Soviet Union standards, the results show that the tar train unloading points and medium temperature bitumen loading work point of benzo (a) pyrene MAC0.01 ~ 0.46μg / m3, more than Occupational exposure limits of the former Soviet Union (0.15 μg / m3). Conclusion This project belongs to a serious construction project with serious occupational diseases. From the perspective of occupational health, project construction is feasible.