国民捐的提出 民初财政窘迫以及与之相关的外债交涉是一个敏感的问题。袁世凯任北京政府总统后，向银行团寻求财政支持，银行团借机提出监督债款收支、监督裁撤军队等要求，使民初政局更加动荡、险恶。１９１２年４月初，黄兴对外债交涉的前景颇为担忧：“现今财政支细，外债交 It is a sensitive issue that the national donations put forward the financial distress of the early Republic and the related foreign debt negotiations. After serving as president of Beijing, Yuan Shikai sought financial support from the bank delegation. The bank delegation took the opportunity to raise the demand for supervision of the balance of payments and to supervise the withdrawal of troops and to make the political situation more turbulent and sinister in the early years of the Republic of China. At the beginning of April 1912, Huang Xing was quite worried about the prospect of foreign debt negotiations: "The current fiscal expenditure is small and the foreign debt is paid