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20世纪80年代中期发展起来的啁啾脉冲放大(CPA)技术与先进的高功率激光技术及优良的激光增益介质相结合把激光峰值输出功率提高了几个数量级,出现了输出拍瓦级(1015W)皮秒(10-12s)和飞秒(10-15s)脉冲的固体激光装置,聚焦峰值功率密度达到1020~1022W/cm2。激光与物质相互作用的物理过程中,激光功率密度起主导作用,不同光强对应不同的物理学领域。如此高的激光功率密度能够在实验室中产生前所未有的极端物态条件,即超强电场、超强磁场和超高压强等,从而开创了崭新的强场物理领域,推动了相关学科的交叉融合,形成了多个前沿研究方向,如粒子加速、强辐射源、先进光源、阿秒物理、快点火聚变、超热物质、激光核物理、超快过程诊断、激光天体物理、非线性量子电动力学(QED)等,在材料科学、生命科学和医学等领域中也极具应用价值。
The combination of chirped pulse amplification (CPA), developed in the mid-1980s with advanced high-power laser technology and an excellent laser gain medium, increased laser peak output power by several orders of magnitude, resulting in an output watt-watt level (1015W ) Picosecond (10-12s) and femtosecond (10-15s) pulsed solid-state laser devices with a focused peak power density of 1020-1022 W / cm2. In the physical process of the interaction between laser and matter, laser power density plays a leading role, and different light intensities correspond to different physical fields. Such a high laser power density can produce unprecedented extreme physical conditions in the laboratory, that is, super-electric field, super-magnetic field and ultra-high pressure, etc., thus creating a new field of strong field physics, and promote the cross-integration of related disciplines , Formed a number of cutting-edge research directions, such as particle acceleration, strong radiation source, advanced light source, acs physics, rapid fusion, superheat, laser nuclear physics, ultrafast process diagnosis, laser astrophysics, nonlinear quantum electrodynamics (QED), etc., also have great application value in the fields of material science, life science and medicine.