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在即将加入 WTO 之际,面对一个全球性的竞争激烈的市场,如何解决国有企业的低效率这一世纪难题呢?本文从产业生命周期的理论出发,借鉴他国产业重组的经验,提出适合我国国有企业产业重组之路,从而解决国有企业的问题。产业生命周期理论说明:企业所栖身的产业进入衰退期后,必须进行产业转型,或将资源要素从衰退产业中转移到有利于经济增长的产业中去。产业重组可资借鉴的国际经验分为两方面:一是发达国家国有企业的产业重组,可以整理为三个典型的模式:渐进模式;改制模式;规制模式。另一是发展中国家国有企业的产业重组。我国国有企业产业重组的思路是:竞争性产业权变重组;提高公益性产业的绩效;进入战略性产业。
At the moment of entry into the WTO, in the face of a globally competitive market, how to solve the century-long problem of the inefficiency of state-owned enterprises? This article starts from the theory of industrial life cycle and draws on the experience of industrial restructuring in other countries, and proposes suitable countries for China. State-owned enterprises reorganized the road to solve the problems of state-owned enterprises. The theory of industrial life cycle shows that after the industries in which companies enter the recession period, they must undergo industrial transformation, or transfer resource elements from recession industries to industries conducive to economic growth. The international experience that can be used for reference in industrial restructuring is divided into two aspects. First, industrial restructuring of state-owned enterprises in developed countries can be organized into three typical modes: progressive mode; restructuring mode; and regulatory mode. The other is the industrial restructuring of state-owned enterprises in developing countries. The thinking of the restructuring of China’s state-owned enterprises is: the restructuring of competitive industries; the improvement of the performance of the public welfare industry; and the entry into strategic industries.