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目的:应用双源CT探讨新西兰兔耳缘静脉注入明胶海绵制造急性肺动脉栓塞(PE)模型的可行性。方法:新西兰兔24只随机分为实验组(n=22只,按栓塞后检查时间分为2 h、1 d、3 d和7 d组)与对照组(n=2只)。实验组22只采用经耳缘静脉快速注射明胶海绵栓子制成急性PE模型,栓塞前后均行CTPA及肺灌注检查,检查结束后全部处死。对照组2只新西兰兔经耳缘静脉注入等渗盐水后立即处死。全部行病理检查。结果:22只实验组新西兰兔制模成功20只,其中有2只分别因为栓塞过量和麻醉过量而未取得数据,模型制备成功率为90%。以肺叶为单位,在CT图像上分析100个肺叶影像表现,可见栓塞后2 h组对应的肺叶纹理稀疏12叶;1 d及3 d组对应肺叶呈磨玻璃改变22叶;7 d组对应肺叶实变3叶。DEPI均呈现低灌注。病理检查发现:2 h组相应肺组织呈鲜红色,未见结构破坏及肺泡渗出;1 d组对应肺组织呈水肿、淤血、出血及炎细胞浸润改变;3 d组部分肺组织轻度梗死,对应肺组织呈深红色,肺泡间隔增宽,大量炎细胞浸润;7 d组肺泡腔被渗出物填充,对应肺组织呈暗红色,实变坏死。实验组共发现3只新西兰兔肺动脉管腔内含明胶海绵。结论:经新西兰兔耳缘静脉注射明胶海绵制作急性肺栓塞动物模型操作简单,成本低廉,成功率较高,是肺栓塞影像学研究较容易制作的实验模型。
OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of establishing acute pulmonary embolism (PE) model by injecting gelatin sponge into the ear vein of New Zealand rabbits by dual-source CT. Methods: Twenty - four New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 22). The time of embolization was divided into 2 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d groups and control group (n = 2). In the experimental group, 22 rats were injected with gelatin sponge embolization through the ear vein to establish the acute PE model. CTPA and pulmonary perfusion were performed before and after embolization. All the rats were sacrificed after the test. Two New Zealand rabbits in the control group were sacrificed immediately after injecting isotonic saline through the ear vein. All line pathological examination. RESULTS: Twenty newborns in 22 experimental groups were successfully established, of which 2 had no data due to overdose and anesthesia respectively. The successful rate of model preparation was 90%. Lung lobes as a unit, the CT image analysis of 100 lung image performance, visible 2 h after embolization corresponding lung leaf sparse 12 leaves; 1 d and 3 d group corresponding to the lungs were ground glass change 22 leaves; 7 d group corresponding to the lobe Solid change 3 leaves. DEPI showed low perfusion. Pathological examination revealed that: the corresponding lung tissue in 2 h group was bright red, no structural damage and alveolar exudation were found; the corresponding lung tissue in 1 d group showed edema, congestion, hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration; , Corresponding to the dark red lung tissue, widened alveolar septa, a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration; 7 d group alveolar cavity was filled with exudate, corresponding to the lung tissue was dark red, real necrosis. In the experimental group, three New Zealand rabbits were found to contain gelatin sponge in the pulmonary artery lumen. CONCLUSION: The animal model of acute pulmonary embolism made by injecting gelatin sponge with New Zealand rabbits’ marginal veins has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and high success rate. It is an experimental model that is easy to make by pulmonary embolism imaging study.