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黑核桃是从美国东部引进的果、材兼用新品种,该品种由于枝条形成层细胞少,愈合组织形成速度慢,树体内单宁含量高等等原因,嫁接成活率低,一般不到50%,为了促进美国黑核桃在我国引进和发展,根据我们学习外地经验,结合枝接实践试验,总结出以下提高黑核桃枝接成活率的几项技术要点,供参考。1、嫁接时间以当地3月2日至4月25日为宜,以4月上中旬成活率最高,即清明节前后,砧木叶芽开始萌动至展叶前接穗芽也将萌动时进行嫁接最为理想,2、接穗采集与贮存接穗最好现接现采,不能现采的,应尽量减少接穗存放时间,存放时间越长·嫁接成活率越低。接穗应从所需优良品种母树树冠外围剪取生长健壮、无病虫害、芽体充实的一年生发育枝,枝条粗壮光滑。髓心直径应小于枝条直径的一半。采后按品种捆好,于冷凉的室内或地下通风窖内沙藏,沙的湿度以手握成团,一触即散为宜。沙藏温度为0℃～8℃,严防霉烂和失水。3、嫁接方法嫁接一定要选择晴朗温暖天气,先准备好一盆清水和嫁接工具,用快刀将接穗下端预留芽的同侧削
Black walnut is introduced from the eastern part of the United States fruit and wood, with both new varieties, the varieties of the formation of small cells, healing tissue formation is slow, high tannin content in the tree and other reasons, the graft survival rate is low, generally less than 50% In order to promote the introduction and development of American black walnut in our country, according to our experience in studying abroad, combined with the practice of branch connection, we conclude the following several technical points to improve the survival rate of black walnut. 1, the grafting time to the local March 2 to April 25 is appropriate to the highest survival rate in mid-April, that is, before and after the Ching Ming Festival, rootstock sprout buds began to sprout before the leaf sprout buds will also be the most grafted Ideally, 2, scion collection and storage The best scion is now mining, can not be mining, scion storage time should be minimized, the longer the storage time · The lower the survival rate of grafting. Scion should be cut from the outer shell of the desirable good variety of robust tree growth, no pests, buds rich annual branch, branches thick and smooth. Pith diameter should be less than half the diameter of the branches. After harvesting tied by species, in the cold indoor or underground ventilation cellar sand storage, sand moisture to hand into a group, touch is appropriate. Sand reservoir temperature is 0 ℃ ~ 8 ℃, prevent rot and dehydration. Grafting methods Grafting must choose sunny and warm weather, first prepare a pot of water and grafting tools, with a sharp knife to reserve bud at the bottom of the same side of the cut