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目的:探讨倾斜种植体作为一种避免上颌窦植骨的方法,应用于上颌骨后牙区骨量不足患者种植修复的可靠性。方法:2005年1月—2007年12月间,21例患者共27个固定桥修复上颌后牙缺失,分别使用ITI和Br覽nemark 2种种植系统共植入78颗种植体,其中34颗种植体采用倾斜植入,44颗轴向植入。所有患者均为上颌后牙区骨量不足无法直接接受常规种植体植入。种植体植入后常规愈合3个月,除1颗种植体失败外,其余种植体均功能性负载支持固定义齿修复,修复方式为黏结固位和螺丝固位。每例患者均于负载后12、24和36个月接受临床和放射学随访检查。采用SPSS11.0软件包对数据进行统计学处理。结果:上颌有1颗轴向种植体在术后2个月时失败,倾斜种植体无失败。随访时间为36个月。上颌轴向种植体的累积存活率为97.72%,倾斜种植体的累积存活率为100%,修复成功率为100%。随访期间,种植体周围软组织保持稳定,平均探诊深度和附着水平无明显变化。结论:倾斜种植体作为一种上颌骨后牙区骨量不足患者的治疗方法是可靠的,能有效避免植骨手术,并节约治疗时间。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reliability of tilting implants as a method of avoiding maxillary bone grafting in patients with bone loss in the posterior teeth of the maxilla. METHODS: From January 2005 to December 2007, a total of 27 fixed bridges of 21 patients were used to repair maxillary posterior teeth loss. 78 implants were implanted with ITI and Brie nemark, respectively. Among them, 34 implants Tilted body implanted, 44 axial implantation. All patients suffered from insufficient bone mass in the posterior maxillary area of the maxilla and were unable to receive conventional implant implants directly. All implants were routinely healed for 3 months after implants. Except for 1 implants failed, the rest implants were loaded with functional prostheses. The repair methods were adhesive retention and screw retention. Each patient underwent clinical and radiographic follow-up at 12, 24, and 36 months after loading. SPSS11.0 software package for statistical analysis of the data. Results: One axial maxillary implants failed at 2 months after operation, and tilted implants did not fail. The follow-up time was 36 months. The cumulative survival rate of maxillary axial implants was 97.72%. The cumulative survival rate of tilted implants was 100% and the success rate of repair was 100%. During the follow-up period, the soft tissue around the implant remained stable with no significant changes in the average probing depth and attachment level. CONCLUSIONS: Tilting implants as a treatment for patients with osteophytes in the posterior teeth of the maxilla are reliable and can effectively avoid bone graft surgery and save time for treatment.