小麦是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一,其生产的发展与品种选育进程息息相关。但是远缘杂交不亲和仍是现代杂交育种的首要困难。近年,虽然随着生物技术的发展,特别是胚抢救技术、细胞融合技术在远缘杂交中的应用,对克服小麦及其他作物远缘杂交不亲和取得了很大进展。但是,选用杂交亲和性高的材料作亲本仍然是克服小麦远缘杂交不亲和、提高远缘杂交成效的最直接有效的方法。杂交不亲和及杂种后代不育是影响远缘杂交的两大因素。大量研究表明,不同小麦品种的杂交亲和性及其杂种后代的育性存在差异。杂种后代的育性则受许多因素的综合影响,其中Ph基因能够通过影响染 Wheat is one of the most important food crops in the world and the development of its production is closely related to the process of breed breeding. However, distant incompatibility is still the primary difficulty of modern hybrid breeding. In recent years, great progress has been made in overcoming the incompatibility of distant hybridization between wheat and other crops with the development of biotechnology, especially embryo rescue technology and the application of cell fusion technology in distant hybridization. However, the selection of parents with high hybridization affinity as the parents is still the most direct and effective way to overcome the incompatibility of wheat distant hybridization and improve the cross hybridization efficiency of distant wheat. Incompatibility of hybrids and hybrids are the two major factors affecting distant hybridization. Numerous studies have shown that there is a difference between the hybridization affinity of different wheat varieties and the fertility of their offspring. The fertility of hybrid offspring is affected by the combination of many factors, of which the Ph gene can affect the dye