通过对重壤土和沙壤土两个不同类型的棉田生长状况、植物生理状况和土壤水分状况及土壤温度的研究。结果表明 ,沙壤土的不保水性和高温使土壤很快变干 ,造成棉株蒸腾速率下降 ,气孔阻抗增加 ,气叶温差变小 ,形成热害 ,致使吐絮期提前 ,影响到了生长状况和经济产量。根据土壤质地造成的灌溉效果的差异 ,提出在重壤土地采用“大灌量、长周期” ,沙壤土地采用“小灌量、短周期”因地配水的灌溉制度 ,是北疆棉区获得高产应当推行的水分管理技术措施 Through the study on the growth status, plant physiological status, soil water status and soil temperature of two different types of soils in heavy loam soil and sandy loam soil, The results showed that the non-water retention and high temperature of sandy loam caused the soil to dry quickly, which led to the decrease of transpiration rate, increase of stomatal impedance and decrease of temperature difference of the leaves, leading to the thermal damage, leading to boll opening and affecting the growth status and economic yield . According to the difference of irrigation effect caused by soil texture, it is proposed that the irrigation system of “small irrigation amount, short period” irrigation water distribution in sandy loam area is “large irrigation and long period” Water management technical measures that should be implemented