一、前言众所周知,在空间探测、远程雷达和卫星通讯等方面,需要能够检测微弱信号的高灵敏度低噪声接收放大设备,这种要求在微波波段显得更为迫切。这就要求作为低噪声测量的重要工具——低温噪声源及其相应技术的发展。低温噪声源常用于微波辐射计、天线温度校准、衰减测量、低噪声接收放大设备性能鉴 I. Preface As we all know, in the space exploration, long-range radar and satellite communications, etc., need to be able to detect weak signals of high sensitivity and low noise receiver amplification equipment, this requirement is even more urgent in the microwave band. This requires an important tool for low noise measurement - the development of low temperature noise sources and their corresponding technologies. Low temperature noise sources commonly used in microwave radiometer, antenna temperature calibration, attenuation measurement, low noise amplifier to amplify the performance of the device