教学论中有这样一句话:“使学生自觉地掌握知识的原则是课堂教学的一个基本原则。”因此,学好一门科学,学生的自觉性和积极性是十分重要的。要调动学生学习的自觉性积极性,首先要使学生明确学习地理的目的,懂得学习地理与四化建设的关系。要使学生明确学习地的目的,单凭教条式说理是不行的,须在教学过程联系学生实际,贯彻直观性愿则,讲解生动形象,采用多种教法进行,才能收到 In teaching theory, there is such a sentence: “The principle that allows students to consciously master knowledge is a basic principle of classroom teaching.” Therefore, learning a science, students’ consciousness and enthusiasm are very important. To mobilize students’ conscious initiative in learning, we must first make students clearly understand the purpose of geography and understand the relationship between learning geography and the construction of the four modernizations. To enable students to clearly understand the purpose of their studies, it is not enough to rely on dogmatic reasoning alone. Students must be contacted with the actual teaching process to implement the intuitive wishes, explain the vivid image, and adopt a variety of teaching methods before they can receive it.