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目的了解经血传播艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人),夫妻间传播的危险因素,以指导河北省预防HIV传播工作的开展。方法对河北省1995年前后发生的单采血浆感染和输血感染的已婚HIV/AIDS病人的配偶进行观察,采集血标本检测HIV感染情况,调查相关危险因素,用Logistic回归方法对危险因素进行分析。结果来自全省的输血和有偿供血感染的HIV/AIDS病人共268例,夫妻累积传播概率为19.0%(51人),传播频率为1.7/100人年。丈夫比妻子更容易将HIV传给对方(χ2=4.025,P=0.0045)。输血感染者比单采血浆感染者更容易将HIV传给配偶(χ2=4.382,P=0.0036),1990-2007年结婚者比早些时候结婚者更容易传播(χ2=4.337,P=0.037)。单因素分析中发现,配偶不知道对方感染HIV的时间越长,越容易感染HIV(χ2=4.091,P=0.043)。结论性别、感染方式、结婚时机和知情状况影响夫妻HIV传播效率,应采取相应干预措施控制夫妻间HIV传播。
Objective To understand the risk factors of transmission of HIV among HIV / AIDS patients (referred to as HIV / AIDS patients) and to guide the prevention of HIV transmission in Hebei Province. Methods The spouses of married HIV / AIDS patients with apheresis and transfusion infections in Hebei Province before and after 1995 were observed. The blood samples were collected to detect the HIV infection. The risk factors were investigated and the risk factors were analyzed by Logistic regression . Results A total of 268 HIV / AIDS patients were from the province with blood transfusion and compensated blood supply. The cumulative transmission probability of couples was 19.0% (51 persons) and the frequency of transmission was 1.7 / 100 person-years. Husbands were more likely than their wives to pass HIV to each other (χ2 = 4.025, P = 0.0045). People with blood transfusions were more likely to transmit HIV to their spouses than those with apheresis (χ2 = 4.382, P = 0.0036). Marriage was more likely to spread between 1990 and 2007 than those who married earlier (χ2 = 4.337, P = 0.037) . In the univariate analysis, the spouse did not know that the longer the partner was infected with HIV, the more likely it was to become infected with HIV (χ2 = 4.091, P = 0.043). Conclusions Gender, infection pattern, timing of marriage and informed status affect the HIV transmission efficiency of couples. Corresponding intervention measures should be taken to control HIV transmission among couples.