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目的观察和评价通过母牛分支杆菌（Ｍ．ｖａｃｃａｅ）菌苗的免疫治疗缩短初治肺结核化疗疗程及对难治肺结核临床疗效的影响。方法初治肺结核１４２例及难治肺结核４６例，配对随机分为Ｍ．ｖａｃｃａｅ治疗组及单纯化疗对照组，观察加用免疫治疗后的疗效及其对免疫功能的调节作用。结果初治肺结核经免疫治疗后化疗疗程缩短至４个月近期疗效令人满意；难治肺结核痰菌阴转率明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；Ｍ．ｖａｃ－ｃａｅ可使ＣＤ４Ｔ及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８升高。结论Ｍ．ｖａｃｃａｅ菌苗免疫治疗肺结核具有较大价值。
Objective To observe and evaluate the effects of immunotherapy with M. vaccae vaccine on shortening the duration of treatment of newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and its clinical effect on refractory pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods 142 cases of newly diagnosed tuberculosis and 46 cases of refractory pulmonary tuberculosis were randomly divided into two groups. vaccae treatment group and chemotherapy alone control group, observe the effect of adding immunotherapy and its regulation of immune function. Results The initial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis after chemotherapy was shortened to 4 months after treatment was satisfactory; refractory tuberculosis sputum negative conversion rate was significantly higher than the control group (P <0.05); Vac-cae increases CD4T and CD4 / CD8. Conclusion Vaccae vaccine immunotherapy of tuberculosis has great value.