一、对《资本论》以及第一版序言和第二版跋的认识恩格斯在《资本论》第一卷1886年英文版序言中写到:“《资本论》在大陆上常常被称为‘工人阶级的圣经’。任何一个熟悉工人运动的人都不会否认:本书所作的结论日益成为伟大的工人阶级运动的基本原则,不仅在德国和瑞士是这样,而且在法国,在荷兰和比利时,在美国,甚至意大利和西班牙也是这样;各地的工人阶级都越来越把这些结论看成是对自己的状况和自己的期望所作的最真切的表述。”马克思在《资本论》中对资本的每一个环节进行了严谨的逻辑分析和推导,并对历史的现象和过 I. The Understanding of “Capitalism” and the Preface and the Second Edition of the First Edition Engels wrote in the preface to the English edition of 1886, Capital One: “Capitalism is often referred to on the Mainland as The Bible for the Working Class. No one familiar with the workers’ movement can deny that the conclusions of this book are increasingly becoming the basic principle of the great working class movement, not only in Germany and Switzerland, but also in France, in the Netherlands and The same is true in Belgium, in the United States, and even in Italy and Spain; more and more the working class everywhere views these conclusions as the most telling statement of their own condition and their own expectations. ”" In Marx’s theory of capital Conducted a rigorous logical analysis and derivation of every aspect of capital, and the historical phenomenon and