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精子DNA损伤是引起不育的原因之一,同时可以增加遗传缺陷风险,因此对精子DNA损伤的研究已成为生殖医学的热点之一。精子DNA检测在评价男性不育患者时越来越受到重视。精子中的DNA包括核DNA和线粒体DNA,它们均易受损伤,损伤机制可能有氧化应激、精子染色质组装缺陷、异常凋亡。精子DNA损伤与很多因素有关,如化学治疗和放射治疗、高龄和生活方式、睾丸温度升高、吸烟与生殖道炎症、环境毒素、精索静脉曲张、激素等,它是多因素共同作用的结果。
Sperm DNA damage is one of the causes of infertility, and can increase the risk of genetic defects, so the study of sperm DNA damage has become one of the hot spots in reproductive medicine. Sperm DNA testing in the evaluation of male infertility patients more and more attention. Sperm DNA, including nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA, they are vulnerable to damage, damage mechanisms may have oxidative stress, sperm chromatin assembly defects, abnormal apoptosis. Sperm DNA damage is associated with many factors, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, aging and lifestyle, elevated testicular temperatures, inflammation of the genital tract and smoking, environmental toxins, varicoceles, and hormones, which are the result of multifactorial interactions .