教师常常要通过考试来获取学生的“学”与自己的“教”的信息,以便进行调节;但考试不仅仅是教师获取信息的手段,而且是教学活动的继续。考试既可以用来认识“过去”,也可以对“将来”发挥指向作用。在满足可靠性与指向性的前提下,试题应有利于培养各种能力。一、要有利于训练语感语感是一种很重要的语文能力。叶圣陶在《文艺作品的鉴赏》中引用了夏丐尊的论述:“在语感锐敏的人的心里,‘赤’不但解作红色,‘夜’不但解作‘昼’的反对”,“见了‘新绿’二字,就会感到希望、自然的化工、少年的气概等说不尽的旨趣,见了‘落叶’二字,就会感到无常、寂寞等说不尽的意味”。叶圣陶是主张“培养正确锐敏的语感”的,他说:“鉴赏文艺的人如果对于语言文字的意义和情味 Teachers often pass exams to obtain students’ “learning” and their own “teaching” information in order to adjust; but the exam is not only a means for teachers to obtain information, but also the continuation of teaching activities. Exams can be used both to understand the “past” and to play a role in the “future.” Under the premise of satisfying reliability and directionality, the questions should be conducive to cultivating various abilities. First, it is helpful to train the sense of language and language as a very important language ability. Ye Shengtao quoted Xia Yizun’s discourse in “Appreciation of Literary Works”: “In the heart of a person with a keen sense of language, ’Red’ not only resolves to red, ’Night’ not only describes as an object of ’昼’, but also “sees The word ’new green’ will give people hope, natural chemistry, youthful spirit, and other inexhaustible purports. When they meet the word ’leaves,’ they will feel impermanent, loneliness, and other inexhaustible meaning." Ye Shengtao advocated “cultivating the correct and sensitive sense of language”. He said: “If people appreciate literature and art, they will have meaning and sentiment about language and writing.