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目的了解北京市通州区农村地区人群对病毒性肝炎知识、态度和行为,为病毒性肝炎健康教育提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取15岁以上人群,进行问卷调查。结果448名被调查者中对病毒性肝炎甲、乙型肝炎(甲肝、乙肝)疫苗和传播途径的知晓率在53.1%～96.9%之间,文化程度与肝炎知识了解呈正相关,在行为上无差异。农民的甲、乙肝疫苗和传播途径知晓率低于其他人群。98.2%的人希望了解肝炎防治知识。甲、乙肝疫苗的接种率为12.9%,未接种的主要原因有不知道有疫苗或接种地点(63.6%)和无人组织或通知接种(17.6%)。结论目前通州区农村地区人群对肝炎防治知晓率距离2010年工作目标有一定差距。应针对不同人群采用不同方式加大宣传力度,提高人群对肝炎的认知度和疫苗接种率。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of hepatitis B virus in rural areas of Tongzhou District in Beijing and to provide basis for health education of viral hepatitis. Methods A multistage cluster random sampling method was used to collect the population over the age of 15 and conduct a questionnaire survey. Results Among 448 respondents, the awareness rate of viral hepatitis A, hepatitis B (Hepatitis A and B) vaccines and routes of transmission was between 53.1% and 96.9%. There was a positive correlation between educational level and knowledge of hepatitis, difference. Farmers A, hepatitis B vaccine and transmission of awareness than other groups. 98.2% of people want to know about hepatitis prevention and treatment. Vaccination rate of A and B vaccine was 12.9%. The main reason of unvaccination was unknown vaccine or place of vaccination (63.6%) and uninvited tissue or informed vaccination (17.6%). Conclusion Currently, the awareness rate of prevention and treatment of hepatitis in rural areas of Tongzhou District has a certain gap from the 2010 target. Different methods should be used to increase publicity for different groups of people so as to raise the awareness of hepatitis and vaccination rate in the population.