本文认为，广义的价值概念来自系统（机体）的主体性，广义价值论的创始人是有机哲学家怀特海；系统哲学家们研究了系统论、控制论和自组织理论及其哲学意义之后，提出了自然价值、内在价值和工具价值等概念；生态哲学家则将这些概念运用于生命系统和生态系统。通过上述历史分析，作者指出，生命系统的“自我”特性（自我利益、自我目的）是它具有内在价值和工具价值的本体论根源。在此基础上，作者提出广义价值的概念及其逻辑表达式，分析了它的逻辑特征，阐述了广义价值论在生态伦理和社会伦理中的理论和现实意义。 This article holds that the concept of broad value comes from the subjectivity of the system (body), the founder of which is the organic philosopher Whitehead, and that after system philosophers studied the theory of systems, cybernetics and self-organization and their philosophical significance, Put forward the concepts of natural value, intrinsic value and tool value; and ecological philosophers apply these concepts to life systems and ecosystems. Through the above historical analysis, the author points out that the “self” character (self-interest and self-purpose) of a living system is its ontological root of intrinsic value and instrumental value. On this basis, the author proposes the concept of generalized value and its logical expression, analyzes its logical features and expounds the theoretical and practical significance of generalized axiology in ecological ethics and social ethics.