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2004~2005年,对来自中国北部、中部和南部不同纬度地区的124个小豆品种在江苏南京和泰国农业大学进行了农艺性状研究。结果表明:与在江苏栽培相比,小豆品种在泰国热带地区表现为株高降低、生育期缩短,百粒重、每荚粒数和单株产量均有所降低,但分枝数和每荚粒数变化不大。从不同来源的群体来看,中国北部品种的农艺性状在泰国的变异系数大于中部品种,而南部品种引种至泰国后农艺性状的变异系数最小。对产量因子的相关分析表明,单株荚数对产量的相关系数最大(0.75),而其它性状如分枝数(0.30)和每荚粒数(0.21)与产量的关联不大,而百粒重(0.07)对产量的相关系数最小。聚类分析结果表明,124个小豆品种可划分为中国北部1、中国北部2、中部、南部4个大类,显示了北部品种之间有较大的遗传差异。据此可初步推断,中国北方应为中国小豆的起源中心。
From 2004 to 2005, 124 adzuki bean varieties from different latitudes in northern, central and southern China were studied on agronomic traits in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province and Thailand Agricultural University. The results showed that the adzuki bean varieties showed lower plant height, shorter growth period, 100-grain weight, fewer grains per pod and yield per plant in the tropical areas of Thailand than those cultivated in Jiangsu. However, Little change in the number of particles. In terms of population from different sources, the coefficient of variation of agronomic traits in northern China is greater than that in central China, while the coefficient of variation of agronomic traits in southern China is the least. Correlation analysis of yield factors showed that the correlation coefficient between yield per plant was the highest (0.75), while other traits such as the number of branches (0.30) and the number of per pod (0.21) The correlation coefficient of weight (0.07) to yield is the smallest. Cluster analysis showed that 124 adzuki bean cultivars could be divided into four groups in northern China 1, northern 2, central and southern China, indicating a large genetic difference between northern varieties. Based on this, we can conclude that the northern part of China should be the origin of Chinese adzuki bean.