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本文报告了我国两所盲童学校238名学生的盲因及视力情况。从中得知,先天遗传因素是盲校学生致盲的主要原因,占74%,其中先天性白内障居首,占29%。238名学生中有125例有可利用的残余视力,占52%。因此在盲童学校开设低视力班,使相当一部分盲生接受普通教育,实是盲童学校应推行的一种新型的特殊教育模式。它亦是视觉康复的一部分。对儿童先天性白内障的手术实施,要由有经验的医师来进行,万不可轻视,以避免人为致盲的发生。
This article reports on the blindness and visual acuity of 238 students from two blind children’s schools in China. It was learned that congenital genetic factors are the main reason blind students blind, accounting for 74%, of which congenital cataract topped 29%. Of the 238 students, 125 had residual vision available, accounting for 52%. Therefore, setting up low-vision classes in blind children’s schools and making a considerable part of them blind for general education are really a new type of special education to be implemented by blind children’s schools. It is also part of visual rehabilitation. The operation of children with congenital cataract surgery, to be carried out by experienced physicians, must not underestimate, in order to avoid the occurrence of artificial blindness.