目的应用PCR-DGGE方法分析大环内酯类抗生素对BALB/c小鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法选用SPF级BALB/c小鼠24只,随机分为3组,每组8只,分别灌喂红霉素(330 mg/kg)、罗红霉素(50 mg/kg)、阿奇霉素(165 mg/kg)10 d,停药7 d。在实验的0、3、10 d以及停药7 d收集每只小鼠粪便,提取基因组DNA,应用PCR-DGGE技术获得肠道菌群分子指纹图谱,进行相似性、多样性分析及优势条带的序列分析。结果不同给药周期小鼠(BALB/c雌性)各聚成一簇,且灌喂大环内酯类抗生素的小鼠肠道菌群多样性指数减小。结论大环内酯类抗生素对BALB/c小鼠肠道菌群有显著影响。 Objective To analyze the effect of macrolide antibiotics on the intestinal flora of BALB / c mice by PCR-DGGE. Methods Twenty-four SPF BALB / c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 rats in each group. Erythromycin (330 mg / kg), roxithromycin (50 mg / kg), azithromycin mg / kg) 10 d, withdrawal 7 d. The feces of each mouse was collected on the days 0, 3 and 10 d of the experiment and 7 days after the withdrawal, the genomic DNA was extracted and the molecular fingerprint of intestinal flora was obtained by PCR-DGGE, and the similarity, diversity and dominant bands Sequence analysis. Results The mice in different administration cycles (BALB / c females) clustered into clusters, and the diversity index of intestinal microflora in mice fed with macrolide antibiotics decreased. Conclusion Macrolide antibiotics have a significant effect on intestinal flora of BALB / c mice.