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难治性肝炎并不是病名,是指病毒性肝炎中的难治性病例,其中包括重症肝炎和慢性肝炎。最近人们把属于自身免疫性变化引起的免疫性肝炎(包括狼疮型肝炎)及原发性肝硬变也列入难治性肝炎中进行研究。下面重点介绍重症肝炎和慢性肝炎。病毒性肝炎的流行病学及病程病毒性肝炎中,除甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)引起的甲型肝炎和乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)引起的乙型肝炎之外,还有非甲非乙型肝炎。遗憾的是,引起非甲非乙型肝炎的病毒,至今尚未发现,但有的同甲型肝炎一样足经口感染,也有的同乙型肝炎一样通过血液传染。前者在印度、尼泊尔等国家已有流行的报道,所幸日本尚无发病的报道。日本的非甲非乙型肝炎属后者,占散发性急性肝炎的约半数,占输血后肝炎的95%。由于在日本并没有施行病毒性肝炎申报制,所以
Refractory hepatitis is not the name of the disease, refers to the refractory cases of viral hepatitis, including severe hepatitis and chronic hepatitis. Recently, autoimmune hepatitis (including lupus-like hepatitis) and primary cirrhosis due to autoimmune changes have also been included in the study of refractory hepatitis. The following focuses on severe hepatitis and chronic hepatitis. Epidemiology and Course of Viral Hepatitis Viral hepatitis, in addition to Hepatitis A (HAV) -related Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B virus (HBV) -related Hepatitis B, there are non-A non-B hepatitis. Unfortunately, the virus that causes non-A, non-B hepatitis has not been discovered so far, but some are as bad as the hepatitis A virus and some are also transmitted through the bloodstream in the same way as Hepatitis B virus. The former in India, Nepal and other countries have been popular coverage, but fortunately there is no report of the disease in Japan. Non-A non-B hepatitis in Japan is the latter, accounting for about half of sporadic acute hepatitis, accounting for 95% of post-transfusion hepatitis. Since no viral hepatitis reporting system has been implemented in Japan,